The protocol aims to limit and reduce greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. The protocol entered into force from 2005.
- The protocol places more responsibility upon developed countries.
- It brought the principle of “common but differentiated responsibility and respective capabilities”.
- It sets binding emission reduction targets for 37 industrialized countries and economies.
- The Doha Amendmentto the Kyoto Protocol entered into force since 2020 which brought more GHG under targets.
Market-Based Mechanisms for Achieving Targets
- International Emissions Trading
- Clean development mechanism
- Joint implementation
Implementation Protocol
- Countries’ actual emissions have to be monitored and precise records have to be kept.
- The UN Climate Change Secretariat, based in Bonn maintains records.
- Adaptation fund for developing countries was established to meet their financial requirements.
Source: The Hindu