• The Election Commission of India (ECI) is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering Union and State election processes in India.
    • Election Management
    • Preparing Electoral Roll
    • Party Recognition
    • Declaring Model Code of Conduct
  • The body administers elections to the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, and State Legislative Assemblies in India, and the offices of the President and Vice President in the country. 
    • Under Article 324, which is part of Part XV (Article 324-329) of the Constitution.

Composition 

  • At present, it is a multi-member body which consists of chief election commissioner and two election commissioners
    • Originally the commission had only one election commissioner but after the Election Commissioner Amendment Act 1989, it was made a multi-member body.

Provisions of the Chief Election Commissioner and Other Election Commissioners Act, 2023

  • Qualifications
    • be holding or have held a post equivalent to Secretary to the Government of India.
    • possess integrity and experience in managing and conducting elections.
  • Search Committee: Composition 
    • Headed by the Minister of Law and Justice.
    • Includes two members (rank of Secretary or higher)
  • Select Committee: Composition
    • Prime Minister (Chairperson).
    • Leader of the Opposition in the House of the People (Member).
    • Union Cabinet Minister to be nominated by the Prime Minister (Member)
  • Appointment: By the President based on the recommendation of the Selection Committee
  • Tenure: 6 years or until 65 years of age, whichever is earlier
    • Re-appointment is not allowed.
  • Salary and Benefits: Salary is equivalent to that of a Supreme Court Judge.
  • Resignation: CEC or EC, can resign by writing to the President.
  • Removal
    • CEC: Can be removed like a Supreme Court Judge.
    • ECs: Require the recommendation of the CEC for removal.
  • Legal Protection: Protected from civil or criminal proceedings for acts or words spoken in official capacity.

 

Source: The Indian Express