Retail Inflation

  • Measures the change in retail prices of goods and services purchased by households for daily consumption, based on a fixed basket of goods and services.
  • Assessed using Consumer Price Index (CPI).

Consumer Price Index (CPI)

  • CPI measures changes in the prices of goods and services that households acquire for consumption.
  • Facts To Know
    • It is used as a tool by governments and central banks for inflation targeting and for monitoring price stability.
    • It is used for indexing dearness allowance to employees for an increase in prices.
    • The CPI  is released by the National Statistical Office under the Ministry of Statistics.
    •  The CPI base year is to be changed to 2024 from 2012.
    • The composition of the inflation basket has changed: the weight of food and beverages has been reduced from 54% to 37%.
    • The United Nations Statistical Division’s (UNSD) Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose (COICOP 2018) will be adopted into CPI for better global comparison.
    • The CPI basket now includes 358 weighted items, up from 299 earlier. 
    • New inclusions include rural house rent, OTT services, international air travel, and newer energy sources such as CNG and PNG.
    • The number of service items has risen to 50.
    • The new CPI uses the Jevons index, a chain-price method that links monthly price changes.

 

Source: The Hindu

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