- Crop Rotation: Planting different crops in sequence helps replenish nutrients in the soil, control pests and diseases, and prevent soil erosion.
- Reduced Tillage: Minimizing tillage practices like plowing reduces soil disturbance, helps retain moisture, and improves soil structure.
- Cover Cropping: Planting cover crops during fallow periods protects the soil from erosion, adds organic matter, and improves soil fertility.
- Conservation Tillage: Techniques like no-till or strip tillage minimize soil disturbance and promote residue cover, reducing erosion.
- Contour Farming: Planting crops across the slope of the land rather than up and down helps slow water runoff and minimize soil erosion.
- Terracing: Building terraces on sloping land creates level fields that reduce water runoff and soil erosion.
- Strip Cropping: Alternating strips of different crops helps control wind erosion and improves soil health.
- Buffer Strips: Planting vegetation along waterways helps filter runoff and prevent soil erosion from entering streams and rivers.
- Composting and Mulching: Adding compost or mulch to the soil improves its organic matter content, moisture retention, and fertility.
- Nutrient Management: Testing soil and applying fertilizers based on specific needs helps maintain soil fertility and avoid excess nutrient runoff.
- Biochar Application: Adding biochar, a charcoal-like substance produced by burning organic material in a limited oxygen environment, can improve soil fertility and water retention.