- The Antarctic Treaty establishes Antarctica as a zone dedicated to peace and scientific research and promotes international cooperation.
- It treats Antarctica as part of the global commons.
- It prohibits military activity, nuclear testing, and the disposal of nuclear waste in the region.
- India is a signatory of the treaty.
Relevance of the Antarctic Treaty
- Ecological Importance: Ensures preservation of Antarctica’s environment
- Scientific Value: Ice core studies provide vital insights into historical climate trends
- International Cooperation : Serves as a model of governance over global commons
- India’s Polar Engagement: India maintains strategic presence through stations Maitri and Bharati.
Global Commons
- Global commons refer to natural resources and environmental assets that are shared by all of humanity, such as the atmosphere, oceans, and outer space. These areas are not owned by any one nation, making them vulnerable to exploitation and degradation. Antarctica is one such entity identified as Global Common.
Source: The Hindu
