Why in the news?: Arunachal Pradesh has announced that the State government is set to implement a comprehensive digital overhaul of the Inner Line Permit (ILP) system. Inner Line Permit (ILP) What is it?: The Inner Line Permit (ILP) is … Continue reading →

Why in the news? India hosted the 7th Colombo Security Conclave and admitted Seychelles as a permanent member of the grouping. Colombo Security Conclave Overview: The Colombo Security Conclave was established in 2020, when India, Sri Lanka, and the Maldives … Continue reading →

Youth Stage This stage is marked by the inward cutting activity of ice in a cirque.  Aretes and horns emerge in this stage. Mature Stage The valley glacier gets transformed into a trunk glacier and hanging valleys start emerging.  The … Continue reading →

Stalactite and Stalagmite The solution of water containing limestone seeps through the roof of caverns in the form of a continuous chain of drops. A portion of the drop hangs on from the roof and on evaporation of water, a … Continue reading →

What is it? Karst is a topography formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks such as limestone, dolomite, and gypsum.  It is characterised by underground drainage systems. Karst is also most strongly developed where the water table is relatively low, … Continue reading →

Beaches Beaches are made up of eroded material that has been transported from elsewhere and then deposited by the sea.  For this to occur, waves must have limited energy. Constructive waves build up beaches as they have a strong swash … Continue reading →