Jahangir: 1605 – 1627 CE Reign: Jahangir’s reign was marked by political stability, a strong economy, and cultural achievements. He ruled over a religiously diverse population with tolerance and acceptance.  Jahangir’s favorite wife Mehr-un-Nisa, also known as Nur Jahan had … Continue reading →

Akbar (1556-1605) Akbar was only thirteen years old when Humayun died. When Akbar’s father died, he was at Kalanaur, Punjab, therefore his coronation took place there in 1556. Bairam Khan, his instructor, and Humayun’s favorite and confidant acted as the … Continue reading →

Mughal Empire: 1526 – 1857 CE Babur founded the Mughal empire in 1526, after defeating Ibrahim Lodi in the first battle of Panipat. The “Great Mughals” dynasty, consisting of Babur, Humayun, Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzeb, made significant contributions … Continue reading →

Bahmani Empire: (1347-1527 CE) The Bahmani Kingdom was founded by Hasan Gangu Bahmani.  He established an independent Muslim state of Deccan in India’s southern provinces.  The Bahmani Kingdom began to expand following the triumph of the insurrection against Muhammad-Bin-Tughlaq in … Continue reading →

Vijayanagara Empire: (1336-1646) CE The kingdom of Vijayanagara was established by Harihara and Bukka. After functioning as feudatories under the Warangal Kakatiyas, they were appointed ministers in the Kampili Kingdom (present-day Karnataka). Following the fall of Kampili, the two brothers … Continue reading →

Yadava Dynasty The Yadavas, also known as the Seuna dynasty, ruled a kingdom that stretched from the Tungabhadra to the Narmada rivers, covering present-day Maharashtra, north Karnataka, and portions of Madhya Pradesh, from their capital at Devagiri (modern-day Daulatabad).  They … Continue reading →

Hoysala Dynasty The Hoysalas, who began as provincial rulers under the Western Chalukyas, ruled Karnataka from the tenth to the fourteenth centuries. The dynasty rose to prominence after the disintegration of the Chalukyas and the Cholas. The Hoysala capital was … Continue reading →

Vulture Action Plan 2020-25 Approved by the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) for regulating the use of diclofenac and acceclofenac. Vulture Conservation Breeding Centres (VCBCs): First VCBC was set up in Pinjore, Haryana in 2001. Currently, there are nine such … Continue reading →

Lodhi Empire (1451 – 1526 CE) The Ghizali tribe of Afghanistan founded the Lodi Empire. Important Rulers: Bahlol Lodhi  (1451-1489 CE) Founder of the Lodi Dynasty. Malik Sultan Shah Lodi, the governor of Sirhind, Punjab, India, was his uncle and … Continue reading →

Initiated by MoEF in collaboration with UNDP in 1999. Implemented in 10 coastal states, with emphasis in Odisha. Aims to conserve olive ridley turtles and other  endangered marine turtles. Achievements include the use of Satellite Telemetry  to locate migratory routes … Continue reading →