General Studies 1

Source: Iron ore is used to produce metallic iron. Distribution: India has significant reserves of iron ore, with Odisha, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, and Karnataka being major producers. Types of Iron Ore: Magnetite (high iron content). Hematite (most important industrial ore). Limonite … Continue reading →

Mineral Resources Definition: Minerals are naturally occurring, solid, inorganic substances with a crystal structure. There are over 2,000 minerals, most of which are inorganic, but some organic materials like gold and sulfur also exist. Categories of Mineral Resources: Metallic Minerals: … Continue reading →

Tropical Wet Evergreen Forests These forests grow in areas with rainfall of more than 200 cm. These are found along the western sides of the Western Ghats, in Arunachal Pradesh, upper Assam, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram and Tripura, and in Andaman … Continue reading →

These are soils with a large amount of organic matter and considerable amount of soluble salts. They are black in colour and highly acidic. Most humid regions have this type of soil. Most of the soil is found in waterlogged … Continue reading →

Condition for Formation This type of soil is common in places where the drainage system is poor. The water with high salt concentration becomes stagnant and deposits all the salts in the top soil once the water evaporates. In regions … Continue reading →

Fact: Cover 4.32 % of the area Texture Consists of aeolian sand (90 – 95%) and clay (5 – 10%) It lacks moisture content and is sandy. Composition Humus content is less, and Nitrogen is originally low but some of … Continue reading →

Formation: The formation of these soil is mainly governed by the deposition of organic matter derived from the forest and changes with parent rocks, ground configuration and climate. Fact: Cover 8.67 % of the area Characteristics It is thin-layered and … Continue reading →

Conditions for formation There must be laterite rock or structure. Formed under high temperature and heavy rainfall. Characteristics Subjected to heavy leaching due to high rainfall that results in low fertility. Brown in colour Composition Deficit in lime and silica. … Continue reading →

Fact: Covers 18.5 % of the area. Composition: The presence of ferric oxides makes the colour of soil red. Texture: Sandy to clay and loamy. Characteristics Rainfall is highly variable. Well drained soil and structure is sandy Chemical Composition Rich … Continue reading →

Fact: Cover 15 % of the area. Formation: These soils are of volcanic origin and formed due to weathering of basaltic rocks. Distribution: It is found in dry and hot regions of the peninsula. Composition: The black colour of soil … Continue reading →