Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)

  • LPG is a portable, clean, and efficient energy source composed mainly of propane and butane.
  • It is stored as a liquid in pressurized cylinders and is widely used for household cooking.

Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)

  • CNG is an environmentally friendly automotive fuel composed primarily of methane (80–90%).
  • It is compressed to a pressure of about 200–250 kg/cm², allowing large amounts of gas to be stored in small vehicle tanks.
  • CNG remains in gaseous form.
  • CNG is widely used to reduce vehicular greenhouse gas emissions.

Piped Natural Gas (PNG)

  • PNG is composed mainly of methane (CH₄) with small amounts of other hydrocarbons.
  • It is supplied directly to households, commercial establishments, and industries through pipelines.

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)

  • LNG is natural gas, primarily methane, cooled to –160°C to convert it into liquid form.
  • It is transported in specialized cryogenic tankers and stored in insulated tanks at terminals near ports.
  • Qatar supplies roughly half of India’s LNG imports.
  • Use in electricity generation, fertilizer production, city gas distribution, and industrial processes.

 

Source: The Hindu