• Pacific Ring of Fire: The Philippines is located on this horseshoe-shaped zone surrounding the Pacific Ocean, which accounts for ~90% of global earthquakes and ~75% of active volcanoes
• Multiple Plate Boundaries: Movement of multiple tectonic plates in the region, like the Philippine Sea Plate, Eurasian Plate and Sunda Plate.
• Subduction Zones: The country has several major trenches where one plate sinks beneath another, like the Cotabato Trench, Manila Trench, Negros Trench, and Sulu Trench.
• Philippine Mobile Belt: The entire archipelago lies within this seismically active zone, where plates constantly collide, slide, and crash, building enormous stress that releases as earthquakes

Source: The Indian Express