Why in the news?
- Prime Minister Shri. Narendra Modi pays tribute to Sri Narayana Guru on the occasion of their Birth Anniversary.
Sri Narayana Guru
- Early Life:
- Born in 1856 at Chempazhanthy near Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, into the Ezhava community (considered a backward caste).
- Educated in Sanskrit, Vedas, Upanishads, and philosophy under guru Chattampi Swamikal and others.
- Social Reform Contributions:
- Against Caste Discrimination: Advocated “One Caste, One Religion, One God for Man.”
- Temple Entry & Consecration: In 1888, established a Shiva temple at Aruvippuram, challenging Brahmin monopoly over priesthood.
- Established over 40 temples across Kerala and Tamil Nadu for oppressed castes.
- Promoted universal brotherhood and inter-caste dining (Samudaya Bhojanam).
- Educational & Institutional Work:
- Founded SNDP Yogam (Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam) in 1903 with Dr. Palpu and Kumaran Asan to organize the Ezhava community.
- Emphasized modern education for social upliftment, especially among backward castes.
- Established schools, colleges, and industrial training centers.
- Philosophy & Teachings:
- Advocated social equality, spiritual enlightenment, and economic progress.
- Stressed that true religion is rooted in morality and compassion, not rituals or caste divisions.
- Inspired Kerala Renaissance and later reformers like Ayyankali and Periyar.
- Legacy:
- His reforms weakened the caste hierarchy and laid the foundation for Kerala’s progressive social structure.
- Commemorated by the Sivagiri Mutt (established in 1904).
- His birthday is observed as Sree Narayana Jayanthi in Kerala.
- His ideals influenced the temple entry movements and broader social reform across South India.