Why in news?

  • Vultures are reported to help mitigate the risk of disease spill overs and occurences of Pandemics.

Vultures

  • What are they?:
    • Vultures are medium- to large-sized birds of prey.
    • They are known for eating carrion (the bodies of dead animals).
    • They act an important function as nature’s garbage collectors and help to keep the environment clean of waste.
  • Protected Status:
    • CITES: Appendix II
    • Wildlife Protection Act, 1972:Schedule I
  • Conservation Initiatives:
    • National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) has approved an Action Plan for Vulture Conservation 2020-2025. Key highlights of the plan include,
      • Vulture Conservation Centre
      • Vulture Safe zone
    • Toxic Drugs: A system to automatically remove a drug from veterinary use if it is found to be toxic to vultures with the help of the Drugs Controller General of India.
    • Ramadevarabetta Vulture Sanctuary in Karnataka is India’s first and only dedicated vulture sanctuary.
  • Threats Faced by Vultures
    • Use of Diclofenac: A veterinary nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) in 2004 found in the carcass of cattle the vultures feed on.
    • Lack of Nesting Trees
    • Electrocution by power lines
    • Food Dearth and Contaminated Food