Other Climatic Seasons of India: Summer Season

Basics

  • Period: mid-March to May.
  • Characteristics: This season include high temperature and low humidity.

Temperature in Summer Season

  • High insolation due to the apparent movement of the sun between the equator and the Tropic of Cancer.
  • Due to the moderating effect of the sea, maximum summer temperatures are comparatively lower in the coastal and southern peninsular regions.
  • Due to the prevailing westerly winds, temperatures on the west coast are generally cooler than those on the east coast.
  • There is a large contrast between land and sea temperature.
  • Northern and central parts of India experience heat waves (winds with temperatures 6 – 7 degree celsius higher than the normal wind).
  • The majority of the heat waves occur in Rajasthan, Punjab, and Haryana. It then spreads to Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.

Pressure in Summer Season

  • Atmospheric pressure is low across the country.
  • But strong dynamically induced divergence, prevents the onset of the south-west monsoons over north-west India.

Loo

  • Loo winds originate in the deserts of Iran, Baloch, and Thar.
  • High temperatures in northwest India create a steep pressure gradient in May and June.
  • Loo blows as a hot, dusty, and strong wind.
  • Loo usually starts blowing around 9.00 a.m., gradually increases in intensity, and peaks in the afternoon.
  • It blows at a constant speed of 30-40 km/h and can last for days.

Local Thunderstorms

Thunderstorms Descriptions 
Andhis
  • Strong dust storms caused by convective phenomena affects areas of Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab, Jammu and Kashmir, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Madhya Pradesh.
Norwesters
  • Squalls primarily originate from the northwest in West Bengal and the adjoining areas of Jharkhand, Odisha, and Assam and are known as norwesters.
  • These storms are known as ‘Bardoli Chheerha’ in Assam.
Mango Showers
  • Thunderstorms can be found in Kerala.
  • Beneficial for mango cultivation.
Blossom Showers
  • Adjoining parts of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu in the south.
  • Beneficial for coffee cultivation.
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