- Definition: Cogeneration, also known as Combined Heat and Power (CHP), is a highly efficient process that simultaneously generates electricity and useful heat from a single fuel source, such as natural gas, biomass, or waste heat from industrial processes.
- Efficiency and Energy Savings:
- Cogeneration systems achieve higher overall efficiency by utilizing waste heat.
- They can reach efficiencies of 80-90%, compared to 30-40% for conventional power plants.
- Components of Cogeneration Systems:
- Prime movers, such as gas turbines, steam turbines, or reciprocating engines.
- Electricity generators.
- Heat recovery systems to capture and utilize waste heat.
- Applications of Cogeneration:
- Widely used in industrial facilities, commercial buildings, hospitals, universities, and district heating systems.
- Suited for applications with simultaneous demands for electricity and heat.
- Types of Cogeneration Systems:
- Combined Cycle: Combines gas and steam turbines for maximum efficiency.
- Reciprocating Engine: Uses internal combustion engines for electricity generation.
- Micro Cogeneration: Small-scale systems for residential or small commercial use.
- Benefits of Cogeneration:
- Increased energy efficiency and reduced fuel consumption.
- Lower greenhouse gas emissions and environmental impact.
- Enhanced energy security and resilience.
- Cost savings through reduced energy bills and potential revenue generation.
- Environmental Impact:
- Cogeneration reduces greenhouse gas emissions and air pollutants.
- It contributes to sustainability goals by utilizing energy more efficiently.