Glacial Landform: Depositional Landforms

When the glacier reaches its lowest point and melts, it leaves behind a stratified deposition material, consisting of rock debris, clay, sand, gravel etc.
This layered surface is called till plain or an outwash plain and a downward extension of the deposited clay material is called valley train.

Esker is a winding ridge of unassorted depositions of rock, gravel, clay etc. running along a glacier in a till plain.
The eskers resemble the features of an embankment and are often used for making roads.

Kame terraces are the broken ridges or unassorted depositions looking like hummocks in a till plain.

Drumlins are oval-shaped hills, largely composed of glacial drift, formed beneath a glacier or ice sheet and aligned in the direction of ice flow.
They are commonly referred to as a ‘basket of eggs’ topography.

Kettle holes can be formed when the deposited material in a till plain gets depressed locally and forms a basin.

Moraines are made up of pieces of rock that are shattered by frost action, embedded in the glaciers & brought down the valley by them.
Those that fall on the sides of the glacier form lateral moraines.
When two glaciers converge, their inside lateral moraines unite to form a medial moraine.
The rock fragments which are dragged along, beneath the frozen ice, are dropped when the glacier melts & spread across the floor of the valley as ground moraine.
The glacier eventually melts on reaching the foot of the valley & the pile of transported materials left behind at the snout is terminal moraine or end moraine.
The deposition of end moraines may be in several succeeding waves, as the ice may melt back by stages so that a series of recessional moraines are formed.