Social Justice

Scheduled Tribes Scheduled Tribes (STs) are defined under Article 342 of the Indian Constitution and they comprise 8.2 % of the Indian population (2011 Census) and 89.97% of them live in rural areas and 10.03% in urban areas. Characteristics: Some … Continue reading →

Scheduled Castes The Scheduled Castes (SC) are defined under Article 341 of the Indian Constitution, and they comprise about 16.6 % of India’s population (2011 Census).  Punjab, West Bengal, and Uttar Pradesh have the highest share of the SC population. … Continue reading →

Self Help Groups (SHG) Definition: SHGs are typically small groups of people (usually women) from similar socio-economic backgrounds who come together voluntarily to form a group for mutual support, saving, and lending practices. Objectives Financial Inclusion: SHGs aim to provide … Continue reading →

Manual Scavenging Manual scavenging refers to the unsafe and manual removal of human excrement from public streets and dry latrines, cleaning septic tanks, gutters and sewers”. Manual scavenging is the “most inhuman” and violative of the fundamental rights guaranteed under … Continue reading →

NGOs Contributions to Government Programs Last-Mile Delivery: NGOs operate at the grassroots level and often work in areas where government presence is limited. It facilitates the reach of government services, resources, and information to marginalised populations. Skill Development: NGOs contribute … Continue reading →

Hunger and Malnutrition India’s Success Story Increased Food Access: Schemes like PDS and PMGKAY have been successful in ensuring food security for millions, especially during times of crisis like the pandemic. Reduction in Malnutrition: There has been a steady decline … Continue reading →

Skill Training in India Significance Economic Growth: As India aims to become a $5 trillion economy, skill development is essential to create a workforce capable of meeting industry demands.  Example: The Skill India Mission, launched in 2015, aims to train … Continue reading →

Demographic Dividend Definition – The demographic dividend refers to the economic benefit that arises from a favourable demographic structure, where the working-age population exceeds the dependent population, leading to increased productivity and economic growth potential. Prospects and Challenges of Demographic … Continue reading →

Universal Health Coverage (UHC) Definition: Universal Health Coverage (UHC) ensures everyone has access to comprehensive, high-quality health services without financial hardship. Components: UHC covers prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, and palliative care delivered by strong and equitable health systems. Importance: UHC strengthens … Continue reading →

Role of the Private Sector in Health Care Healthcare Infrastructure: The private sector owns 70-80% of healthcare facilities, improving access, especially in urban areas. Medical Innovation and Technology: Investment in advanced technologies like telemedicine, AI, and robotic surgery improves diagnostics … Continue reading →