General Studies 3

Reasons Traffic: Congested roads, honking vehicles, and two-wheelers are significant contributors to noise pollution in Indian cities. Construction Activities: Construction sites with heavy machinery, drilling, and blasting generate substantial noise, especially in urban areas. Industries: Factories and industrial processes can … Continue reading →

Measuring Pollution Load in Water Dissolved oxygen (DO): Refers to the level of free oxygen present in water. Optimum DO content in water is important for the survival of aquatic organisms Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD): It represents the amount of … Continue reading →

Definition – Acid rain is a type of precipitation that contains high levels of sulfuric acid and nitric acid, which are formed when sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) released into the atmosphere from human activities such as burning … Continue reading →

Types of Air Pollutants  Primary Pollutants: Persistent in the form in which they are added to the environment, E.g. DDT etc. Secondary Pollutants: Formed by interaction among the primary pollutants. E.g. Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is formed by the interaction of … Continue reading →

What is it? E-waste refers to discarded electrical and electronic equipment, including household appliances (refrigerators, TVs, washing machines),information technology and communication equipment (computers, laptops, mobile phones), medical equipment, electronic toys. Issues Toxic Materials: E-waste contains hazardous substances like lead, mercury, … Continue reading →

Types High-Level Waste (HLW): Used nuclear fuel rods from reactors. Highly radioactive and generate heat for thousands of years. Requires secure storage and disposal solutions. Intermediate-Level Waste (ILW): Components from reactor operations, like filters and tools. Less radioactive than HLW … Continue reading →

Vulture Action Plan 2020-25 Approved by the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) for regulating the use of diclofenac and acceclofenac. Vulture Conservation Breeding Centres (VCBCs): First VCBC was set up in Pinjore, Haryana in 2001. Currently, there are nine such … Continue reading →

Initiated by MoEF in collaboration with UNDP in 1999. Implemented in 10 coastal states, with emphasis in Odisha. Aims to conserve olive ridley turtles and other  endangered marine turtles. Achievements include the use of Satellite Telemetry  to locate migratory routes … Continue reading →

In 1976, Project Crocodile was initiated with support from the UNDP and FAO. It was an extensive breeding programme with an aim to restock depleted Gharial habitats. The Gharial project involves conservation, monitoring, reintroduction and breeding in captivity. National Chambal … Continue reading →

Project Dolphin is an Indian government initiative to conserve both riverine and oceanic dolphin species launched in 2021. The project was announced on 15 August 2020 during the 74th Independence Day celebrations. It is under the Wildlife Institute of India, … Continue reading →