Prelims Perspective: What needs to be learned?

  • In disease questions, UPSC expects candidates to know the pathogen involved and the mode of transmission. 

What needs to be known?

  • Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
    • HPV is a DNA virus that spreads via sexual contact and causes cervical cancer, and can affect other areas like the throat, skin, etc. 
    • No specific cure is available, but the vaccine exists.
  • Few Steps Taken to Counter HPV
    • WHO: ‘90-70-90‘ targets for 2030 to combat cervical cancer.
    • The Union government has proposed to add the HPV vaccine under the Universal Immunisation Programme.

Other sexually transmitted diseases: 

  • AIDS
  • Hepatitis

Government vaccine schemes

  • Universal Immunisation Programme.
  • Mission Indradhanush

Source: The Indian Express