What is it?:Abolition of Untouchability Provision: Article 17 abolishes ‘untouchability’ and forbids its practice in any form. Legal Backing In 1976, the Untouchability (Offences) Act, 1955 has been comprehensively amended and renamed as the Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955 … Continue reading →

What is it?: Equality of Opportunity in Public Employment Provisions Article 16 provides for equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters of employment or appointment to any office under the State.  No citizen can be discriminated against or be … Continue reading →

What is it?: Prohibition of Discrimination on Certain Grounds Provisions Article 15 (1):  Provides that the State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth. Meaning of Words The word … Continue reading →

What is it?: Equality before Law and Equal Protection of Laws Applicability: Applicable to both citizens and foreigners. Term Person Include:  Includes legal persons, viz, statutory corporations, companies, registered societies, or any other type of legal person. Concept of Equality … Continue reading →

Satavahana The Satavahana dynasty ruled over a vast portion of the Indian subcontinent from the first century BCE to the second century CE. The Satavahanas are regarded as one of the most ancient historical dynasties in India’s Deccan area. Simuka … Continue reading →

Indo Greeks The term “Indo-Greeks” refers to several Hellenistic kingdoms that thrived in the Indian subcontinent from the second century BCE to the first century CE. During this period, the Greek and Indian cultures interacted, resulting in a unique mix … Continue reading →

Sunga Dynasty The Mauryan Empire was succeeded by the Sunga monarchy, an ancient Indian monarchy. It existed from around 185 BCE until 73 BCE. Pushyamitra Shunga founded the dynasty after the fall of the Mauryans.  They were Brahmins, and the … Continue reading →

What is it? The Mauryan Empire is considered to have been founded by Chandragupta Maurya (321-297 BCE). Chandragupta assembled an army and defeated the Nanda empire in Magadha, present-day eastern India, creating the Mauryan Empire. After becoming king, Chandragupta expanded … Continue reading →

What are the Mahajanapadas? The Mahajanapadas were 16 large and powerful kingdoms that emerged in ancient India during the 6th century BCE. The Mahajanapadas were found in northern and eastern India. The modern-day states of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, and … Continue reading →

Vardhamana Mahavira Lord Mahavira, who established Jainism, was born in what is now Bihar, India, approximately in 599 BCE. Mahavira is regarded as the 24th Tirthankara (spiritual teacher). Principles in Jainism Ahimsa (non-violence) – emphasises the non-harming of any living … Continue reading →