General Studies 1

Haripura Congress Session (1938) Held under the presidency of Subhash Chandra Bose. Haripura was chosen for the convention by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. The session passed a resolution declaring that Congress would provide moral support to those protesting against the governance … Continue reading →

Provincial elections were held in 1936-37 as mandated by the Government of India Act 1935. Areas where the provincial elections were held were – Madras, Central Provinces, Bihar, Orissa, United Provinces, Bombay Presidency, Assam, NWFP, Bengal, Punjab, and Sindh. It … Continue reading →

Government of India Act of 1935 All-India Federation: Proposed the formation of an All-India Federation with provinces and princely states as units. Division of Powers: Divided powers into three lists – Federal List, Provincial List, and Concurrent List; residuary powers … Continue reading →

Basics The Poona Pact was considered as the outcome of the Communal Award. It was signed by Ambedkar on behalf of the depressed classes and by Madan Mohan Malviya on behalf of Hindus and Gandhi, as a means to end … Continue reading →

Basics The Communal Award was announced by the British Prime Minister, Ramsay MacDonald, on August 16, 1932, as the outcome of the 3rd RTC and as part of the Divide and Rule Policy. Communal Award established separate electorates and reserved … Continue reading →

Reason  The second Civil Disobedience Movement was launched as an effect of the failure of the second Round Table Conference in 1931. Government Reaction Congress was banned, arrests were made of activists, leaders, and sympathisers, properties were confiscated, and Gandhi … Continue reading →

First Round Table Conference (1930) The First Round Table Conference was officially inaugurated by King George V on November 12, 1930. Ramsay MacDonald presided over the first Round Table Conference. This was the first conference arranged between the British and … Continue reading →

Basics In March 1931, Congress held a special session in Karachi to endorse the Gandhi-Irwin Pact.  Session was held 6 days before the death of Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru. Gandhi was greeted with black flag by the Punjab Naujawan … Continue reading →

Launch and Parties Signed: The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was an agreement signed on March 5, 1931, between Mohandas K. Gandhi and Lord Irwin, British viceroy (1926–31) of India. Result: It marked the end of a period of civil disobedience (satyagraha) in … Continue reading →

Launch Civil Disobedience Movement was launched by Gandhi in March 1930 by breaking the Salt Law by initiating the Dandi March from Ahmedabad’s Sabarmati Ashram with 78 other Ashram members to Dandi, a village on India’s western seacoast in Gujarat. … Continue reading →