General Studies 2

International Groupings: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

Formation: The IAEA was created in 1957 in response to the deep fears and expectations generated by the discoveries and diverse uses of nuclear technology. Headquarters: Vienna, Austria. Objective: The Agency works with its Member States and multiple partners worldwide … Continue reading

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International Groupings: IBSA Dialogue Forum

What is it?: The IBSA Dialogue Forum (India, Brazil, South Africa) is an international tripartite grouping for promoting international cooperation among these countries. Formation: Created in 2003. The grouping was formalised under the name of the IBSA Dialogue Forum under … Continue reading

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International Groupings: I2U2

What is it?: The I2U2 Group is a new strategic partnership formed between India, Israel, the United Arab Emirates, and the United States.  Other Name: It is also referred to as the West Asian Quad/Middle East Quad/New Quad. Aim: It … Continue reading

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International Groupings: Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)

Formation and Membership: The GCC was established in 1981, comprising six Middle Eastern countries—Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, UAE, Qatar, Bahrain, and Oman. Purpose: Created to promote economic, political, and security cooperation among Gulf Arab states, aiming to address regional challenges and … Continue reading

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International Groupings: G20 Grouping

Origins and Membership: Established in 1999, includes 19 countries and the EU, covering 85% of global GDP and 75% of international trade. Purpose: Addresses global economic and financial issues, international economic cooperation, market stability, and sustainable development. Annual Summit: Rotating … Continue reading

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International Groupings: G7 Grouping

It is an intergovernmental organisation of leading industrialised nations formed in 1975. It meets annually to discuss issues such as global economic governance, international security, and energy policy. The host of the G7 summit, also known as the presidency, rotates … Continue reading

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International Groupings: European Union (EU)

Formation: The European Union was established in 1993 and is a global entity comprising 27 nations from Europe.  Following the Maastricht Treaty also known as The Treaty of the European Union (TEU) EU came into force. The treaty was ratified … Continue reading

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International Groupings: Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU)

What is it?: The Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) is an economic union established to promote economic integration and cooperation among member states, primarily focusing on Russia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Armenia, and Kyrgyzstan. Launch: 2015 Aim: To create a common market similar … Continue reading

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International Groupings: Eastern Economic Forum (EEF)

What is it?: The Eastern Economic Forum (EEF) is an annual international forum hosted by Russia in Vladivostok to promote economic development in the Russian Far East and enhance cooperation with countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Formation: Established in 2015. … Continue reading

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International Groupings: Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO)

What is it?: The CSTO is a Russia-led military alliance of seven former Soviet states that was created in 2002. It has been described by political scientists as the Eurasian counterpart of NATO, which has 29 member states, while the … Continue reading

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