General Studies 2
Vulnerable Sections: Women
Women Women constitute almost 50 % of the population of India, but they are one of the deprived sections in the society. Constitutional Provisions Article 15 (3) – Allows for positive discrimination in favour of women. Article 23 – Prohibition … Continue reading
Vulnerable Sections: OBCs
Other Backward Classes (OBCs) The term ‘OBC’ stands for ‘Other Backward Classes’, used for the first time in the Mandal Commission’s Report in 1980. OBCs are the castes that fall between the three higher varnas and the Dalits (Scheduled Castes) … Continue reading
Vulnerable Sections: Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)
Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) PVTGs are those that depend on hunting for food, have pre-agriculture level technologies, zero or negative population growth, and extremely low levels of literacy, and are in need of greater support and development. Background: On the … Continue reading
Vulnerable Sections: Denotified Tribes
Denotified Tribes (DNTs) DNTs, the most vulnerable and deprived, are communities that were ‘notified’ as being ‘born criminal’ during the British regime under the Criminal Tribes Act, of 1871. These are the most neglected, marginalised and economically and socially deprived … Continue reading
Vulnerable Sections: Scheduled Tribes
Scheduled Tribes Scheduled Tribes (STs) are defined under Article 342 of the Indian Constitution and they comprise 8.2 % of the Indian population (2011 Census) and 89.97% of them live in rural areas and 10.03% in urban areas. Characteristics: Some … Continue reading
Supreme Court: Oath, Salary and Tenure of Judges
Oaths or Affirmations A person appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court, before entering upon his office, has to make and subscribe to an oath or affirmation before the President. Salaries and Allowances Determined The salaries, allowances, privileges, leave … Continue reading
Supreme Court: Appointment of Judges
Appointment of Judges The judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the president as per the recommendation of collegium emerged after the Third Judges Case. The president appoints the chief justice after consultation with such judges of the Supreme … Continue reading
Supreme Court: Composition and Sea of Supreme Court
Composition of Supreme Court The Supreme Court consists of thirty-four judges (one chief justice and thirty three other judges). Originally, the strength of the Supreme Court was fixed at eight (one chief justice and seven other judges). The Parliament is … Continue reading
Supreme Court: Constitutional Provisions
The Indian constitution provides for a provision of the Supreme Court under Part V (The Union) and Chapter 6 (The Union Judiciary). Articles 124 to 147 in Part V of the Constitution deal with the organisation, independence, jurisdiction, powers and … Continue reading
Supreme Court: History of the Supreme Court
The promulgation of the Regulating Act of 1773 established the Supreme Court of Judicature at Calcutta as a Court of Record, with full power & authority. It was established to hear and determine all complaints for any crimes and also … Continue reading