Universal Adult Franchise
- It acts as the basis of elections to the Lok Sabha and the state legislative assemblies.
- Every citizen who is not less than 18 years of age has a right to vote without any discrimination of caste, race, religion, sex, literacy, wealth and so on.
- The voting age was reduced to 18 years from 21 years in 1989 by the 61st Constitutional Amendment Act of 1988.
Single Citizenship
- India adopted the concept of single citizenship rather than the USA model of federal citizenship and provincial one.
- Reason for adopting this type of citizenship is to promote the feeling of unifying a highly diversified society.