Age of Invasions 712 CE – Mohamed Bin Qasim, an Arab invaded Sind which was ruled by Dahir. 1025 CE – Mahmud of Ghazni invaded the subcontinent Mahmud of Ghazni was the first independent ruler of the Ghaznavid dynasty, reigning … Continue reading →

Rise of Rajputs The warrior clan known as the Rajputs—meaning “son of a king” or “raja-putra”—claim to be descended from the Hindu warrior classes that once ruled northern India. They ruled from western, central, and northern India to some areas … Continue reading →

Vakatakas The Vakataka dynasty controlled regions of central and southern India between the third and sixth centuries CE. They held their capital in Nandivardhana (modern-day Nanded, Maharashtra). Vindhyashakti was the founder of the Vakataka Dynasty. Territorial expansion began during the … Continue reading →

Why in the news? The Ministry of Minority Affairs has launched an additional module on the UMEED Portal to allow widows, divorced women, and orphans to apply for maintenance support from Waqf-alal-aulad properties. UMEED Portal Full Form: Unified Waqf Management, … Continue reading →

Why in the news? A recent analysis shows that about 30% of MPs and MLAs in India face serious criminal cases, with the share of such MPs having more than doubled since 2009. Criminalisation of Politics Definition: Criminalisation of politics … Continue reading →

Why in the news? A nationwide report on Women’s Safety NARI 2025 was released by the National Commission for Women. National Annual Report and Index on Women’s Safety(NARI), 2025 What is it?: It is a report on the safety status … Continue reading →

Why in the news? The enrolment of students in the age group of 3 to 11 has seen a drop in 2024-25 compared to the previous year according to the latest data of UDISE+ released by the Ministry of Education. … Continue reading →

Definition Biodiversity, also known as biological diversity, refers to the variety of life on Earth at all its levels. It encompasses the rich tapestry of living organisms, from the tiniest bacteria to the tallest trees, and the intricate ecosystems they … Continue reading →

Grounds Article 360 empowers the president to proclaim a Financial Emergency if he is satisfied that a situation has arisen due to which the financial stability or credit of India or any part of its territory is threatened. Parliamentary Approval … Continue reading →

What is it? Article 355 imposes a duty on the centre to ensure that the government of every state is carried on in accordance with the provisions of the constitution. It is this duty in the performance of which the … Continue reading →