International Relations

What is it?: The Nordic countries also known as the Nordics or Norden are a geographical and cultural region in Northern Europe and the North Atlantic. Member: It includes the sovereign states of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, the … Continue reading →

What is it?: NATO is a military alliance established by the North Atlantic Treaty (also called the Washington Treaty) of April 1949. Initial Aim: To provide collective security against the Soviet Union. Headquarters Brussels, Belgium Objective: NATO’s essential and enduring … Continue reading →

Origins: Founded in 1961, during the Cold War, by leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru (India), Gamal Abdel Nasser (Egypt), and Josip Broz Tito (Yugoslavia). Core Purpose: To avoid alignment with any of the Cold War superpowers (the U.S. or the Soviet … Continue reading →

Mekong Ganga Cooperation (MGC) What is it?: MGC is an initiative by six countries for cooperation in tourism, culture, education, as well as transport and communications. Launch: It was launched in 2000 at Vientiane, Lao PDR. Aim: The MGC initiative … Continue reading →

Formation: The ISA was conceived as a joint effort by India and France which was presented by the leaders of the two countries at the 21st Conference of Parties (COP21) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) … Continue reading →

What is it?: It is an international organization facilitating international police cooperation against cross-border terrorism, trafficking, and other crimes. Formation and Aim: It was set up in 1923 as a secure information-sharing platform that facilitates criminal investigation of police forces … Continue reading →

Formation: The IAEA was created in 1957 in response to the deep fears and expectations generated by the discoveries and diverse uses of nuclear technology. Headquarters: Vienna, Austria. Objective: The Agency works with its Member States and multiple partners worldwide … Continue reading →

What is it?: The IBSA Dialogue Forum (India, Brazil, South Africa) is an international tripartite grouping for promoting international cooperation among these countries. Formation: Created in 2003. The grouping was formalised under the name of the IBSA Dialogue Forum under … Continue reading →

What is it?: The I2U2 Group is a new strategic partnership formed between India, Israel, the United Arab Emirates, and the United States.  Other Name: It is also referred to as the West Asian Quad/Middle East Quad/New Quad. Aim: It … Continue reading →

Formation and Membership: The GCC was established in 1981, comprising six Middle Eastern countries—Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, UAE, Qatar, Bahrain, and Oman. Purpose: Created to promote economic, political, and security cooperation among Gulf Arab states, aiming to address regional challenges and … Continue reading →