Energy: Lithium-ion Battery

A lithium-ion battery or Li-ion battery is a type of rechargeable battery.
Li-ion batteries use an intercalated (Intercalation is the reversible inclusion or insertion of a molecule into materials with layered structures) lithium compound as one electrode material, compared to the metallic lithium used in a non-rechargeable lithium battery.
The battery consists of an electrolyte, which allows for ionic movement, and the two electrodes are the constituent components of a lithium-ion battery cell.
Lithium ions move from the negative electrode to the positive electrode during discharge and back when charging.

High Energy Density: Stores more energy per unit weight, making it ideal for portable electronics and electric vehicles.
Lightweight: Lightweight compared to other battery types, improving efficiency in applications like EVs and drones.
Long Lifespan: Supports many charge-discharge cycles, reducing the need for frequent replacements.
Fast Charging: Charges quicker than traditional batteries like lead-acid or nickel-based batteries.
Low Self-Discharge: Retains charge well when not in use, enhancing standby performance.
Environmentally Friendly: Produces fewer greenhouse gases during use compared to fossil fuels.
Versatile Applications: Used in various devices, from smartphones to renewable energy storage systems.

High Cost: Expensive to produce due to rare materials like lithium and cobalt.
Thermal Instability: Prone to overheating, which can lead to fires or explosions if damaged or improperly used.
Limited Resource Availability: Mining and refining lithium and cobalt pose environmental and geopolitical challenges.
Capacity Degradation: Performance and capacity reduce over time with repeated charging.
Recycling Challenges: Recycling is complex, costly, and underdeveloped compared to other battery types.
Sensitivity to Overcharging: Requires precise charging mechanisms to prevent damage.
Environmental Concerns: Mining impacts ecosystems and consumes significant water resources.