General Studies 1

Factors Leading to Reforms Spread of liberal ideologies and Western culture by the British. The Spread of Western education generated new awareness. Common Issues of Indian Society in the Early 19th Century The practice of sati. Infanticide. Child marriage. Casteism … Continue reading →

Causes of the Revolt Economic Causes Heavy taxation on people. Deteriorating economic conditions. Use of quo warranto in case of land. Confiscation of estates made old zamindars poor. Political Causes Annexation of Awadh on misgovernance. Introduction of policies like subsidiary … Continue reading →

Anglo – Nepal War Causes The expansionary attitude of Gorkhas and continued raids in the Awadh region. The conflict started when Gorkhas captured Butwal and Sheoraj. Result – Treaty of Sugauli in 1816 The Kumaun and Garhwal kingdoms were among … Continue reading →

First Burma War (1824 -26) Causes Burmese expansion to the west and occupation of Arakan and Manipur. British force’s occupation of Rangoon in 1824. Result – Treaty of Yandabo Second Anglo-Burmese War (1852) Cause – Lord Dalhousie’s expansionist policy and … Continue reading →

First Anglo-Afghan War ( (1839-1842) Background The British sought to replace Dost Mohammed Khan with a more compliant ruler, Shah Shuja, who had been dethroned in 1809. Shah Shuja was seen as a pro-British alternative. Treaty of Lahore (June 1838) … Continue reading →

Basics Initially, Mysore was ruled by Wodeyars but later power was taken over by Haider Ali. Haider Ali reorganised the army with French support. Adopted policy of religious tolerance. Anglo Mysore Wars First Anglo – Mysore War Mysore defeated the … Continue reading →

Location The southernmost state of Travancore had always maintained its independence from Mughal rule. Travancore During Maranda Varma It gained importance after 1729 when its king Maranda Varma started expanding his dominions with the help of a strong and modern … Continue reading →

Basics of Sikh The Sikh religion was founded by Guru Nanak. Guru Hargobind transformed the Sikhs into a militant setup. Guru Gobind Singh transformed Sikhs into a political and military force. Then they were led by the Sikh leader Banda … Continue reading →

Marathas Basics They were initially part of the Deccan Sultanate of Bijapur and Ahmednagar. They are experts in guerrilla warfare. Kings Ruled Maratha Kingdom King Shivaji Founded the kingdom of Maratha organised it. Shahu Grandson of Shivaji. His reign witnessed … Continue reading →

Hyderabad Ruled by Nizam Founded by Nizam ul Mulk Asaf Jung. Include the regions of Andhra Pradesh , Karnataka , Maharashtra. Nizam maintain good relation with British Tolerant policy towards the Hindus. Carnatic After the death of Hyderabad ruler Nizam … Continue reading →